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Military
Involvement

No. 2 Construction Battalion, also known as Black Battalion, members in 1917.

NOTE: Resources containing hyperlinks to online materials are highlighted in Bold font

“Black soldiers faced own battle.” Hamilton Spectator, May 17, 2012.

“Black Volunteers in the First World War.” (2018). Canadian Encyclopedia.

“James Franklin.” (2015). Canadian Encyclopedia.

Desmond Brown. “‘Like finding the Mona Lisa’: Historian learns freed slave buried in Hamilton Cemetery is U.S. Civil War vet.” CBC News, March 30, 2021.

“Canada’s first Black soldier to fall in action.” Hamilton Spectator, April 4, 2021.

Mark McNeil. “Hamilton teen first Canadian black soldier to die in First World War.” Hamilton Spectator, May 12, 2015.

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